Interviews

We are still working to figure out why low levels of vitamin D are associated with worse outcomes in critical illness, noted Todd W. Rice, MD, FCCP, associate professor of medicine at Vanderbilt University Medical Center in Nashville, Tennessee.

Tele–intensive care units (ICUs) address coverage gaps and improve quality outcomes, noted John Kazianis, MD, clinical associate professor, Yale School of Medicine, and medical director, InSight Tele-ICU, Yale New Haven Hospital.

Current treatment options spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) are available for all types of the disease regardless of motor strength, explained Jill Jarecki, PhD, chief scientific officer at Cure SMA, and Mary Schroth, MD, FAAP, FCCP, chief medical officer at Cure SMA.

Patients with severe asthma are good candidates for biologics, but choosing which biologic requires a shared decision-making conversation, said J. Allen Meadows, MD, president of the American College of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology.

Medication overuse headache is a huge problem in societies that don't have access to proper headache care as patients take more over-the-counter, readily available treatments, said Rigmor Jensen, MD, professor of neurology at The University of Copenhagen and director of the Danish Headache Center.

Rebooting the immune system is an exciting approach, noted John Corboy, MD, professor of neurology, University of Colorado Denver, School of Medicine, and co-director of the Rocky Mountain MS Center at Anschutz Medical Campus.

There is a synthetic lethality between sacituzumab govitecan and a PARP inhibitor, noted Aditya Bardia, MBBS, MPH, breast medical oncologist, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School.

Temporarily halting a trial to evaluate a vaccine means we are following the rules of safety, noted Maura Abbott, PhD, AOCNP, CPNP, RN, assistant professor of nursing at the Columbia University School of Nursing.

Distance caregivers have unique needs, explained Sara L. Douglas, PhD, RN, the Gertrude Perkins Oliva Professor in Oncology Nursing, associate dean for research, the Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing, Case Western Reserve University.

Combination treatments may be the future for treating patients with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) at all stages and ages, explained Jill Jarecki, PhD, chief scientific officer at Cure SMA and research director of TREAT-NMD Neuromuscular Network.

New data on the long-term efficacy and safety of dupilumab are very reassuring to patients with asthma, explained J. Allen Meadows, MD, president of the American College of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology.

Older individuals need medications that focus on effects inside the nervous system, explained John Corboy, MD, of University of Colorado Denver, School of Medicine, and Rocky Mountain MS Center at Anschutz Medical Campus.

Blythe Adamson, PhD, MPH, of Flatiron Health, discusses study results she presented at the annual American Society of Clinical Oncology meeting on the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors in end-of-life care

Personalized recommendations for patients with non–small cell lung cancer with squamous histology could benefit from research on treatment choice and biomarkers, noted Blythe Adamson, PhD, MPH, principal quantitative scientist at Flatiron Health.

Targeted tumor delivery of irinotecan through sacituzumab govitecan can help to reduce treatment-related toxicities, noted Timothy A. Yap, MBBS, PhD, FRCP, medical director of the Institute for Applied Cancer Science, MD Anderson Cancer Center.

Increasing at-home access to care and treatment options for spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) proved to be helpful during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, explained Mary Schroth, MD, FAAP, FCCP, chief medical officer at Cure SMA.

Tailoring treatment to individual patients is the ultimate goal in the complex decision-making process of managing progressive multiple sclerosis (MS), noted Burcu Zeydan, MD, assistant professor of neurology, assistant professor of radiology, Mayo Clinic.

Form will determine in which patient populations, and why, a vaccine is not indicated for administration, said Maura Abbott, PhD, AOCNP, CPNP, RN, assistant professor of nursing at the Columbia University School of Nursing.

Kassandra Munger, ScD, of the Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, discusses findings that vitamin D deficiencies are linked to a greater risk of multiple sclerosis.

The biggest difference between ocrelizumab and the recently approved ofatumumab is that ofatumumab can be taken at home for relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (MS), explained Patricia K. Coyle, MD.

In the real world, dupilumab has been as effective as the results in clinical trials, and patients are seeing low exacerbation rates, emergency department visits, and hospitalizations, explained Neal Jain, MD, FAAP, FAAAAI.

A novel combination shows promise against advanced solid tumors, including triple-negative breast cancer, noted Timothy A. Yap, MBBS, PhD, FRCP, medical director of the Institute for Applied Cancer Science at MD Anderson Cancer Center.

Disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) are primarily effective through immunomodulation, in that they target relapse prevention, said Burcu Zeydan, MD, assistant professor of neurology, assistant professor of radiology, at Mayo Clinic.

Vaccine safety and effectiveness are patients’ biggest concerns about a potential coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine, says Maura Abbott, PhD, AOCNP, CPNP, RN, assistant professor of nursing at the Columbia University School of Nursing.

Relapse at an older age can significantly contribute to a worsening of multiple sclerosis (MS), explained Burcu Zeyda, MD, assistant professor of neurology, assistant professor of radiology, at Mayo Clinic.

Patients who have oral corticosteroid–dependent asthma are recommended to use dupilumab, which reduces the use of oral steroids, explained Neal Jain, MD, FAAP, FAAAAI, of Arizona Allergy & Immunology Research.

Emerging data is showing that treatment within 6 months of presentation of multiple sclerosis (MS) is ideal, explained Patricia K. Coyle, MD, of Stony Brook University Neurosciences Institute.

Melissa L. Johnson, MD, associate director for lung cancer research at Sarah Cannon Research Institute and partner in Tennessee Oncology, speaks on changes necessitated by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and connecting virtually.

Obesity is common in the general population and research has shown it can increase the risk of multiple sclerosis (MS), as well as increase diagnostic delays, explained Ruth Ann Marrie, MD, PhD, director of the Multiple Sclerosis Clinic at the University of Manitoba.

Nurses often get involved with patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) before their diagnosis and then work to educate them on the disease and its care, said Amy Perrin Ross, APN, MSN, CNRN, MSCN, Neuroscience Program Coordinator at Loyola University Medical Center.