Developing Evidence That Is Fit for Purpose: A Framework for Payer and Research Dialogue
A decision-making framework that can be used to harmonize the evidence payer's desire for coverage and formulary decisions with the evidence generated by researchers.
Individual Treatment Effects: Implications for Research, Clinical Practice, and Policy
A framework for researchers, providers, payers, or public health bodies identifies when it is most critical to distinguish between "average" population and individual patient response.